Suction burner



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.2. H. HUNT ET AL I SUCTION BURNER Filed May 19, 1921 6 Sheets-$heet 6 Patented ret'ia teas.

Jenn H. HUNT AND JOHN T. FITZSIBEHONS, or DAY ON, 'omo, assrenons 'ro THE DAYTON ENGINEERING LABORATORIES COMPANY, OF DAYTON, QHIO, A CORPORA- TION F GHIO.

SUGTIDN BURNER.

Application filed May 19, 1921. Serial No. 470,981.

To all whom it may concern: l

Be it known that we, J OHN H. HUNT and JOHN T. F1Tzs1MMoNs, citizens of the United States of America, residing at Dayton,

1 county of Montgomery, State of Ohio, have invented certain. new and useful- Improvements in Suction Burners, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description;

This invention relates to fuel charge heatcrs for internal combustion engines, and

4 particularly to the type of heater disclosed in the United States Patent No. 1,337,989 issued to John Good May 10, 1921. p

This invention has among its objects the provision of improved means for distributing combustion air in the burner to secure complete combustion without spitting or popping of the burner.

A further object is to conduct the products of combustion of the'burner into the engine intake in such a manner as to vaporize condensation of the fuel charge.

one and further objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, wherein preferred embodiments of the present invention are clearly shown.

In the drawings Fig.1 is an end elevation of an engine equipped with the burner embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a plan view of the burner and carburetor;

"Fig. 3 is a sectional view takenon line 3-3 of ig. 2; Figs. 4' and 5 are end and side views, re-.

spectively, of the 'air distributing sleeve shown in section in Fig. 3;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on lines 6-6 and 6*6 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view of the adapter inserts taken on line 77 of Fig.

Fig. 8 is a. wiring diagram of the engin and burner ignition;

Figs. 9 and, 10 are end and side views, respectively, of a modified form of adapted insert;

Figs. ll and 1.2 are end and side views, respe'ctively, iof a further modified form of adapter. insert; and

ignition as will be explained hereinafter.

Referring to Figs. 2 to 7 inclusive, carburetor 23 may be any automobile type, but as shown, is one commonly employed in the Hudson car, a well known make of automobile. Carburetor 23 comprises a. bowl 40, float valve 41, passage 42 connecting bowl with a well 43 into which dips a sleeve 44. A metering pin '45 is slidable in said sleeve 44 and its position is determined by the engine suction which adjusts the position of piston 46 operating in cylinder 47. The

fuel charge passage 48 is controlled by a' butterfly valve 49.

The burner adapter 22 forms a support for burner head 24 and together with carburetor 23 is secured to the engine by bolts 50. Adapter 22 provides a flame or combustion chamber 51 surrounding an adapter insert or sleeve 52 which forms a connection 7 between the engine intake 21 and the fuel passage 48. A flattened tube 53 extends through the top of insert 52 and terminates adjacent the lower surface of insert 52. Tube 53 is flattened in order to stream line it whereby to reduce frictional resistance against the incoming fuel charge.

The burner head 24 detachably su ports an air distributing sleeve 60 within w ich is a space for the more complete combustion of e the burner flame. The sleeve 60 is constructed of upper and lower sections 61 and 62 having adjacent edges 63 and 64, respectively, beveled so as to and downwardly exten 65. position by a cover sleeve 66'having spaced openings l 7, s6 that the crevice 65 is practically a continuous o ening. The flange 68 of section 61 is provi ed with small holes 69,

but the flange of section 62 is solid. These flanges 68 and 70 space the sleeve 60 from the walls of head 24. to provide an annular air receiving space 51 in communication with the atmosphere through passage Y2 con trolled by a valve '23. The lilit of valve 73 is limited by a screw stop 7 1-. Adjacent flange 68, the section 61 and cover sleeve 66 areprovided with staggered holes 75.

The space in burner head A abovc the sleeve 60 the flame ignition zone or space where the "fuel spray is ignited and begins to burn. lt will be noted that the plug points and 61 are located at one side of the axis o'f the hea d so that the fuel spray will begin to burn on the outside thereof. A- mica inspection window 92- is provided for observing the character of the flame.

Burner head 2a supports a nozzle l lO(l-l 83 separated from the head by an asl c.-.tos gasket Set. Block 83 provides a nozzle passage 85 having a restricted neck as. Pipe 25 connects passage 85 with a fuel well block 90, which is shaped to adapt it for attachment to the side (it an ordinary tut-l bowl. Bowl 40 is provided with a notch 91 and a. hole 92 located above the normal t'uellcrel 93 and with a hole 9% located below said level. Block is provided with passages 95 and 96 communicating with holes 92 and 9%, respectively. Passage 96 connects with a fuel weft nozzle passage 9? closed at the bottom by plug 98 and connected at the top with pipe' Intermediate the ends. the passage- 97 is provided with a restriction 99. A nozzle 1.00 is screw threaded for adjust ment in passage 97 and has a portion 10]. projecting above the adjacent opening from passage 95 and terminating just below the restriction 99. Portion 101 is provided with small holes 102 adjacent the upper end thereof.

Referring to the wiring diagranu Fig 8, a battery grounded at 111 is connected by switch 119 withjuuction 113. l l ire 114 leads from. junction 113 to primary 115 of coil 30., connected to contacts 11G. 11? grounded at 118. (am 119 and lever 120 controls the separation contacts 116 and 117. Wire 1151 leads from junction 113 to primary lQQ of coil 29 connected to contacts 123, 124 grounded at 1525. (am 119 and lever 126 controlthe separation of cow tacts 123, 124::

Secondary of coil 30 is connected by wire 131 with distributor head 132 from whence distribution is effected to six engine plugs (not shown). Secondaryot coil 29 is connected by wire 138 with burner plug mean? pipe 25 to nozzle 85 and outlet 86 producing a downwardlyflowing spray which is i guited adjacent theoutsid'e thereof by a spark at While this is going the pug points 90. 81. on, suction is being produced in passage 72 causing valve 73 to lift. Air will be pumped into passage 72 and annular space 1, whence the air distributed by sleeve 69. t'iOtllQ tiny of air will 'iass out holes (39 as indicated by arrows M0 to supply air [or the surface combustion of the thuno. It is intended that the spray passing from jet so be so rich as not to be a quick combustible mixture but so as to readily ignite at the out.- side of the jet when it meets the tiny air jets rcferred to. it is not desired to stir up the particles of the {taming spray to any substantial degree until they have reached the zone of more complete combustion within the sleeve (it). lets of a r will also rush out oi holes 75 to begin stirring up the flame for more coniplete (Oil'lliUSllOIL but the sheet of air passingobliquely downwardly from annulur crevice ()5 completely mixes combustion air with burning luel particles in order to effect complete combustion within the adapter flame chamber 51.

The flame. in chamber 51 thoroughly heats the adapter insert 5? through whiclrheat is ransmittcd to the fuel charge as it passes to the engine. The products of combustion of the burner finally find their way down the tube 53 and the flame linal'y impinges up the lower surface o the insert 52 to vaporize any condensation of the fuel charge which may have trickled down the sides of the adapter insert or flowed back from the intake 21 while the engine was standing cold.

Air for surface combustion of the fuel spray may enter at holes 150. This flow of air can be adjusted by using one of a series ol replaceable discs 151 each having a (litterent sized hole However, it has been found that the burner will operate properly with only the jets from holes 69 to support surface combustion of the fuel spray.

It has been found that the system of air distribution disclosed give-s satisfaction, as combustion is complete and there is no popping of the burner due to too quick combustion ot' the fuel spray. This is believed to be due to gradually increasing the agitation of tliefiame and the mixing of combustion air with. it as the flame proceeds from the ignition zone down to the zone of complete combustion.

l igsxe and 10 show a modified form of adapter insert The hurnerfianae enters tea holes 161 and indicated by arrows face of the insert.

is directed downwardly es 162- slong' the lower sun Figs. 11 an further modified form 0% adapter Ill). The iiame enters e series of slanting holes 171 as indicated by arrows 172. The 'obiect is the some as tor the lame tube in the. modified, form of adapter 180 shown in Figs 13 and 14:, no insert is provided but the flame. is conducted. from combustion chamber 181 down a Home tube 182, and the tlsmevinipinges noon fuel charge condensetioii which may it recess 183. i

While the form's of mechanisms herein shown and described constitute preferred forms of embodiments of the invention, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming Within the'scope eV the claims which follow. I

What We claim is es follower-- 1. ln .a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combinution with a burner head and a heating chamber member adapted for heating the engine fuel and communicating with the engine intake; of a nozzle for admitting fuel. spray; ignition means for said spiny; means to): admitting combustion air to said burner head; and. means for distributing combustion air in cluding provisions for directing air towzrd solid. nozz e,

2. in 3. fuel chsrge hesler' for internal combustion engines the coi'nbinstion with e burner head and :1V heating chamber mem her adapted for heating the engine fuei on communicating with the engine intake; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray; ignition menus "for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner head; and menus for distributing combustion air including provisions i'or directing air toward ssii'l nozzle and. slung the interior wall of said burner hood.

3. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head end a heating chamber member adapted tot-heating the engine fuel an communicating with the engine intake; of a nozzle tor admitting fuel spray; ignition means for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner head; and means for distributing combustion air including provisions for directing air towurtl said nozzle and also directly across said. spray.

1111 a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines burner head and a heating chamber membei adapted for heating the engine fuel and communicating with the engine intake; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray; ignition means for said. spray; means for admitting: combustion air to said burner head; and means for distributing combustion air in- 12 show bollect in a puddle mom I combustion engines beiadapted of said head, for

eluding provision the combination with a eluding provisions tondirecting air directly across said spray an also away f zom said nozzle to'vard said heating chain er 5. in a fuel chargehcater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head ant a heating chamber membe: adapted for heating the engine fuel and. communicating, with the engine intake; of a nozzle of admittingiuel spray; ignition means for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner head; and means for distributing combustion air an including provisions for directing an annuisr sheet of six away from said nozzle and toward said heating chamber.

6. ln s fuel charge heater for internal the combination with e an a. heating chamber memtor heating the-engine fuel and communicating Withthe engine intake; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray; ignition moons for said spray; means for a combustion air to said .burner head; and means for distributing combustion air including provisions for directing air tows said fuel nozzle and also away from szi nozzle toward said heating chamber.

7. ln a iuelchsrge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination'with a burner head and a heating chamber memher adapted for heating the engine fuel and the engine intake; of a communicating with nozzle for admitting fuel sproy; ignition means for admitting means for said spray;

burner head; and

burner. head combustion air .to said means for distributing combustion air including provisions for directing air tower said fuel nozzle and along the interior Walls directing air directly ecross ssid spray, and. also away from said nozzle toward tbeheating chamber.

8. ln a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head and a heating chamber member adapted. for lice-ting the engine fuel and. communicating with the engine intake; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray; ignition means for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner heed: and means for distributing combustion air infor directing a substantially annular sheet of air across the burner flame and toward the heating chamber.

9. in a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the coniloination with a burner head and a heating chamber member adapted "for heating the engine fuel and comn'umicating with'the engine intake; of a nozzle 'for'udmitting fuel spray; ignition means for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner head: and means lor distributing combustion air including provision for directing a substantially annular sheet of air across the burner flame and toward the heating chamber, and

dmitting lit) for directing small jets of air' across the burner flame at points between said sheet of air and the burner nozzle.

10. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head and a heating chamber member adapted for heating the engine fuel and communicating with the engine intake; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray; ignition means for said spray: means for admitting combustion air to said burner head; and means for distril'n'iting combustion air including provisions for directing a substantially annular sheet of air across the burner flame and to ard the heating chamher, and for directing .small jets of air toward the nozzle and along the interior walls of the burne adjacent the nozzle.

11. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head and a heating chamber member adapted for heating the engine fuel and communi-ating with the engineintake: of a nozzle for adi'nitting fuel spray; ignition means for said spray: means for admitting combustion air to said burner head: and

means for distributing combustion air including pro .-'isioiis for directing a substantially annular sheet of air across the burner flame and toward the heating chamber, for

directing small jets of air toward the noz zle and along the interior walls of the burner adjacent the nozzle, and for directing small jets of air directly across the burner flame between the nozzle and the sheet, of air.

12. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head and a heating chan'iber member adapted for heating the engine fuel and communicating with the engine intake: of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray: ignition means for said spray: means for admitting combustion air to said burner head: and means for distributing combustion air including provisions for admitting to the flame a relatively small amount of air at points relatively near to the nozzle and for admit-tin to the fiamea relatively large amount of air at. a relatively greater distance from the nozzle.

1". In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head and a heating chamber memher adapted for heating the engine fuel and communicating with the engine intake: of a nozzle for admitting fuel sp 'ay: ignition means for said spray: means for admitting combustion air to said burner head: and means for distributingcombustion air ineluding provisions relatiscly near the nozzle for directing air toward the nozzle for the surface combustion. thereof, and for admitting further for further combustion weary? of the spray at points more remote from the nozzle.

1. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a fuel burner; of a conductor for engine fuel charge in thermal relation to said burner; and means for directing products of combustion of said burner upon the lower portion of the interior wall of said conductor.

15. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a fuel burner; of a conductor for engine fuel charge in. thermal relation to said burner and provided with a pocket for collecting liquid fuel; and means for directing products of combustion of said burner upon the lower portion of the interior wall of said conductor.

16; In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head: of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray: ignition means for said spray: means for admitting conihusion air to said burner head: and a sleeve detachably secured within the burner head including provisions for directing air away from the nozzle and for directing air to ard the nozzle.

17. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head: of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray: ignition means ror said spray: means for admitting combustion air to said burner head: and a sleeve detachably secured. within the burner head including provisions for directing an annular sheet of air away from the nozzle. 4

18. In a charge heater for internal com bust ion engines. the combination with a. burner head; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray: ignition means forsaidspray: means for admitting combustion air to said burner head: and a sleeve detachably secured witlr inthe burner head including provisions for directing air toward the nozzle.

'19. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head: of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray: ignition means for said spray: means for admitting combustion air to said hnirner head; and a sleeve detarhably secured with- I in the burner head including provisions for directing air across the spray and toward the nozzle.

loo

20. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines. the combination with a burner head; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray: ignition means for said spray: means for admitting combustion air to said burner head; and a sleeve (letaclnibly secured within the burner head including provisions for directing air across the spray and from the nozzle.

21. In a fuel charge heater for internal I head; and a sleeve combustion engines, the combination with a burner head; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray: ignition means for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner detach-ably secured within the burner head including provisions for directing. air across the spray, toward the nozzle and away from the nozzle.

22. In a'tuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head: of n nozzle for admitting fuel spray; ignition means for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner head; and air distributing means located within the burner head including provisions for causing combustion air to be mixed with the spray at points varying distances from the nozzle, said provisions being constructed to provide for increasing the admission of air the greater the distance from the nozzle.

23. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the combination with a burner head; of a nozzle for admitting fuel spray; ignition means for said spray; means for admitting combustion air to said burner head; and an air distributing sleeve detachably secured within the burner head, and comprising spaced sections having their adjacent edges beveled to provide an obiiquely extending annular crevice, and means for, securing the sections in spaced relation.

it. In it fuel charge heatcr for interna combustion engines the combination with a. burner head and heating chambe; 0t 2t sleeve located Within the heating chamber and providing a duct for engine fuel; and a. tube extending within said sleeve for conducting the products of combustion of the burner to the engine intake and for directing said products upon the sleeve.

25. In a fuel charge heater for internal combustion engines, the"combination With a burner and heating chamber; of a sleeve located in thermal relation to the heating chamber and providing a duct for engine fuel; and a tube supported by the sleeve for conducting the "products of combustion of the burner to the engine intake and for directing said products upon e wall of the in sert.

In testimony whereof we hereto atfix our signatures. I

' JOHN H. nnnr. JUHN T. FKTZSIMMONS.

Witnesses:

H. E. Sonmnnnnenn, Wamen W. 

